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Animal models in toxicology and disease research.
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Correct use of animal models in areas such as basic research.
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Assumptions
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Usual plus animal models are predictive.
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Usual, e.g. there are universal laws.
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Hypothesis
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X leads to Y.
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None or X leads to Y.
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Animal test
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In an animal test, X led to Y.
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X leads to Y based on results in animals.
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Hypothesis
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X leads to Y in humans.
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Test
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Apply X in humans and see if it leads to Y or study populations where X was applied and ascertain result.
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Conclusion
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Since in animals X did/did not lead to Y, X will/will not lead to Y in humans also.
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Actual results from humans.
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